GLOBAL MINERAL MAPS produced from TES data gave the first detailed picture of Mars' mineralogical diversity. This image, one of many, maps the locations of high-calcium pyroxene, an igneous mineral indicating the presence of basalt. Additional mineral maps are available from the TES ASU Data Archive. Click on the image to download a larger (2 MB) version. NASA/JPL/Arizona State University
References:
Christensen, P.R., H.Y. McSween, Jr., J.L. Bandfield, S.W. Ruff, A.D. Rogers, V.E. Hamilton, N. Gorelick, M.B. Wyatt, B.M. Jakosky, H.H. Kieffer, M.C. Malin, and J.E. Moersch, Evidence for igneous diversity and magmatic evolution on Mars from infrared observations, Nature, 436, doi:10.1038/nature03639, 2005.
Bandfield, J.L., V.E. Hamilton, P.R.Christensen, and H.Y. McSween, Jr., Identification of quartzofeldspathic materials on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 109, DOI:10.1029/2004JE002290, 2004.
Hamilton, V.E., and P.R.Christensen, Evidence for extensive olivine-rich bedrock in Nili Fossae, Mars, Geology, 33, 433-436, 2005.